Research & Academia

Introduction: The Delivery Problem in Nucleic Acid Therapeutics Nucleic acid therapeutics—such as mRNA vaccines, siRNA drugs, and CRISPR-based gene editors—have transformed modern medicine. However, the clinical success of these modalities depends not only on the therapeutic payload itself, but critically on how efficiently and selectively it can be delivered in vivo . Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as the gold-standard platform for systemic nucleic acid delivery. By

Introduction Over the past decade, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a cornerstone technology in nucleic acid drug delivery , enabling the clinical success of messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), and gene-editing modalities such as CRISPR-Cas9. Approved products like Onpattro® (patisiran) and the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna have demonstrated that effective delivery—rather than payload design alone—is often the decisive fa

Introduction: When “More Experiments” Is No Longer the Answer In modern scientific research and engineering development, the central challenge is no longer whether to run experiments, but how to extract maximum insight from limited time, resources, and experimental capacity . Across drug development, bioprocess optimization, materials science, and platform R&D, researchers routinely face systems governed by multiple interacting variables. Traditional one-factor-at-a-time (OFA

What engineers can do in biomedical field? Lessons from MIT and Robert Langer Engineers are trained to solve problems using science, mathematics, and systematic thinking. In our daily lives, civil, chemical, electrical, and software engineers continuously improve infrastructure, technology, and productivity. But what can engineers do in medicine? The answer lies in biomedical engineering applications —a field that translates engineering principles into real-world medical solu